El Independiente, 1989-03

              By Elinor Mills
Less than three percent of all businesses in the United
States today are owned by Hispanics.
That is less than half their representative population.
And, the failure rate of minority-owned businesses is
also two to four times higher than the rate for other
This dismal picture could change with the help of
research currently being conducted at the Mexican
American Studies and Research Center (MASRC) on
the University of Arizona campus.
By studying the history of Mexican-American busi-nesses
in Tucson, researchers hope to better understand
and improve the situation for present Hispanic-owned
By Dale Bode
With the first stage of the amnesty
program over, employees at the Immi-gration
and Naturalization Service are
finding out that a staggering number of
applicants may be using fraudulent rec-ords.
To be eligible for amnesty, Special
Agricultural Workers had to prove they
were working in the United States for 90
days from May i , 1985 through May i,
1986, said Olivia Durazo, Chief Legali-zation
Officer.
To provide this proof, applicants bring
their worker records to INS.
Unfortunately, many applicants have
brought in phony records purchased in
Mexico, Durazo claims.
According to Durazo, over 10,500
people have applied for amnesty since
the program started.
'1
Tucson residents enjoy a quiet afternoon while
getting a haircut at Romero's Barber Shop
in 1924.
R
UA study to benefit Lalitio businesses
businesses.
Dr. David L. Torres, assistant professor in the
Department of Management and Policy and the Center's
resident scholar and research coordinator, is one of the
few people in the country doing research about Hispanic
business owners and entrepreneurs.
He is also studying self-employed individuals of
Mexican ancestry ni Tucson to find common character-istics
of success.
"We ultimately hope to gain ... an understanding of
where Mexican Americans particularly, but Hispanics
in general, are making the most headway in American
society with regard to self-employment," Torres said.
Torres is also looking at the change in cultural
ideologies of Mexican American groups from the late
photo courtesy otArizoni HItorkaI Sockty
Los residentes de Tucsongozan de una tarde
quieta cuando les cortaban el pelo en la
Barbería Romero en 1924.
Amnesty officials report rise in phony records
E1SIN declara uso masivo de documentos falsos
The startling part is that she estimates
that only 300 of them are pmbably
legitimate.
To detect this fraud, questions are
asked about the location of the farm
applicants worked at, the crop they
picked and the time period they were
there, said Dolores Duarte, an adjudica-tor
at the Tucson office.
At the completion of the interview,
even if there is a question about the
documents, the applicant is given a red
employment card good for one year,
Durazo said.
If the interviewers at the Legalization
office determine the documents are pho-ny,
the papers are sent to an investiga-tions
unit, she added.
If investigations fmds the letters to be
fraudulent, the applicant faces up to
Please read PAPERS page 16
Por Dale Bode
Conclufda la primera etapa del Progra-ma
de Amnistia empleados del Servicio
de Inmigraci6n y Naturalizaci6n han des-cubierto
que un n(imero alarmante de
solicitantes quizás ha usado documentos
falsos.
Para ser elegible para Amnistia, los
trabajadores agrícolas especiales tenían
que probar que ellos estuvieron trabajan-do
en Los Estados Unidos durante 90
días, de Mayo i de 1985 a Mayo de
1986, dijo Olivia Durazo, Oficial en Jefe
de Legalización.
Para proveer esta prueba, los expe-dientes
de los trabajadores fueron traidos
por los solicitantes al Servicio de mmi-graci&
i y Naturalizacidn, Durazo aî'ìadk.
Desafortunadamente, muchos solici-tantes
habLan ticio documentos falsos
comprados en Mexico, Durazo indico'.
Por Elinor Mills
Boxing KO's Tucson
El boxeo de Tucson es u4EQ11UsL:
icite
1800's to the present.
The "modes of thinking" were very different in the
last century than they are now, Torres said.
The influx of American settlers from the East after
the Gadsden Purchase in 1854 (when the U.S. pur-chased
the southern parts of New Mexico and Arizona
from Mexico), for example, imposed a new social
structure upon the Hispanics in the area, according to
Torres.
"The mindset of the older generations was so rigidly
instilled in them that when a new society came upon
them, they were so attached to the old ideology that
they couldn't integrate into the new dynamics that
Please read BUSINESS page 10
Estudian fracaso de
negocios latinos en
bu'squeda de ayuda
Menos de un tres por ciento de los negocios en los Estados
Unidos es de propiedad hispana. Esto, en otras palabras, significa
menos de la mitad de la población radicada en los Estados Unidos.
El promedio en fracasos de negocios en el grupo minoritario es
de dos a cuatro veces mís alto que en otros negocios; pero ésto
pudiera cambiar con la ayuda de investigaciones que se estafi
llevando a cabo en el Departamento de Investigaciones y Estudios
méxico-americanos de la Universidad de Arizona.
Estudiando la historia de los negocios mexico-americanos en
Tucson, investigadores tienen la esperanza de comprender y
mejorar la situac«n presente de los negocios de propiedad hispana.
El Dr. David L. Torres, quien es profesor asistente en el
Departamento de Administración de Empresas y coordinador en el
Centro de Investigaciones de Residentes Escolasticos, es una de las
pocas personas en todo el país que estí haciendo estas investiga-cioes
sobre los negocios hispanos.
El tambien está investigando a individuos de origen mexicano en
Favor de leer NEGOCIO página 10
Para detectar este fraude, se les pre-gunta
a los agricultores la ubicacion de la
finca en la cual trabajarpn, la cosecha
que recogierop, y el enedo en que lo
hicieron, segun indico Dolores Duarte,
una Adjudicadora en la oficina de Tuc-son
Al completar la entrevista, incluso si
hay alguna duda acerca de los documen-tos,
se le th al solicitante una tarjeta de
empleo roja que es vlida por un a'o,
Durazo dijo.
Si los enpevistadores en la Oficina de
Legalizacion determinan que los doc-umentos
son falsificados, los papeles son
enviados a la 9nidad de Investigaciones,
Durazo explico,
Si las investigaciones demuestran que
las cartas son fraudulentas, i solicitante
afronta una multa de $10,000 y hasta dos
Favor de leer FORMAS pagina 16